E.P. Royappa v. State of Tamil Nadu
AIR 1974 SC 555, Supreme Court of India, 1974
The Court described equality as a dynamic concept and held that arbitrary action is the opposite of equality, so arbitrariness in State action breaks the guarantee of equality.
Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India
AIR 1978 SC 597, Supreme Court of India, 1978
The Court held that any procedure depriving a person of personal liberty must be fair, just and reasonable, and linked the rights to equality, freedoms and life and liberty so that they are read together.